Suara.com – During Ramadan, a woman who owes fasting and fidyah due to pregnancy must immediately pay it off. In this article we will discuss fidyah and how to pay fidyah to pregnant women.
Quoting a wise book for Muslims and Muslim women by Rina Ulfatul Hasanah, fasting is not obligatory for some sick people, travelers, menstruating/postpartum women, pregnant women or breastfeeding mothers. They get relief because they have broken their fast.
Even so, they have to pay qadha at a later date. Unlike other things that are intended for pregnant or breastfeeding mothers, qadha fasting must also be accompanied by fidyah payments.
Provisions of Fidyah for Pregnant Mothers
Allah SWT says in Surah Al Baqarah verse 184:
Latin proverb: Ayyamam ma'dudt, fa manggkana mingkum maran au 'al safaring fa 'iddatum min ayymin ukar, wa 'alallana yuqnah fidyatun omu miskn, fa man taawwa'a khairan fa huwa khairulllah, wa an taum khairul lakum inggkuntum ta'lamn
Meaning: “(Namely) within a certain number of days. Therefore, whoever among you is sick or is traveling (and fasting), then (must fast) as much of the fast as is left to be replaced on another day. And whoever has difficulty fulfilling it (if he is not fasting) is obliged to pay fidyah, namely giving food to the poor, whoever volunteers good deeds, then he is better off. And fasting will be better for you if you know that the woman is pregnant with her second child, and so on. also includes people who benefit from relief from sharia cases.”
Pregnant women may postpone their alternate fast until after giving birth and breastfeeding without being subject to fidyah fines. However, if a pregnant or breastfeeding mother stops eating because she is afraid of her child, she is obliged to fast and pay fidyah.
Imam An Nawawi in the book Al Majmu also states that a pregnant or breastfeeding mother who does not fast because she is worried about the physical condition of her child, not herself, is forced to fulfill qadha and fidyah.
How to Pay Fidyah for Pregnant Mothers
An excerpt from the book Pregnant or Breastfeeding Women, Qadha or Fidyah, explains according to Firman Arifandi that fidyah must be paid in the form of food. More detailed forms are adapted to the culture and needs of the surrounding community. Meanwhile, during the time of Rasulullah SAW, fidyah was paid in the form of dates or wheat because at that time these two foods were the staple food of Arab society.
There are several opinions about the fidyah payment time. According to the Syafi'i school, fidyah payment is made in the month of Ramadan, while according to the Hanafi school, payment can be made before Ramadan. For more clarity, we will discuss it in the comments after this.
According to the official Baznas website, the way to pay fidyah for pregnant women can be done by providing basic necessities according to the length of time they have not fasted. For example, a pregnant woman has to pay fidyah for 10 days, so she can pay in 10 measures, each measure equivalent to 1.5 kg of rice.
Terms of Deadline for Paying Fasting Fidyah
There are provisions regarding the time limit for payment of fasting fidyah. Fidyah fasts for the elderly, seriously ill, and pregnant or breastfeeding women can be paid in the month of Ramadan or outside it. If you pay fidyah during the month of Ramadan, do it after dawn on each fasting day or after sunset in the evening. According to many opinions, fidyah is more important than paying in the afternoon.
According to the book Peel Completely Fidyah compiled by Luki Nugroho Lc, what is meant by paying fidyah before Ramadhan is when they feel that when that month arrives, they cannot fast. So, long before Ramadan falls or before the holy month enters, they pay fidyah.
From the point of view of the Hanafi school, this is considered valid. Because if there is an older Muslim then he can pay his fidyah before the month of Ramadan arrives. The same thing happens to sick people, pregnant women, and others. As for the Syafi'i sect, fidyah payment is made in the month of Ramadan. So, if a person is old and cannot fast, then he is allowed to pay fidyah when Ramadhan arrives, at least at night or before sunrise, and the next day he does not fast.
Contributor: Rishna Maulina Pratama